Sunstar
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De inimico non loquaris sed cogites = Don't wish ill for your enemy; Plan it![A1i:5]
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Post by Sunstar on Aug 10, 2011 20:17:43 GMT -5
I have decided that for those interested in Astronomy, that I would post the following information.
I will also post other bits of Information on Space whether it be local, ie: Our Solar System, or others such as Andromeda, or Alpha Centauri.
For now I leave this post with the following information on the following Meteor Showers.
Meteor Showers:
Perseids: Peak on August 11, 2011 Duration: 5 Days Peak Rate: 75/hr 03:04.0 +58* 00' Comet Swift-Tutt
Orionids: Peak on October 20, 2011 Duration: 2 Days Peak Rate: 25/hr 06:24.0 +15* 00' Comet Halley
Taurids: Peak on November 2nd, 2011 Duration: 20 Days Peak Rate: 20/hr 03:32.0 +14* 00' Comet Encke
Leonids: Peak on November 16th, 2011 Duration: 5 Days Peak Rate: 25/hr 10:00.0 +22* 00' Comet: Tempel-Tut
Geminids: Peak on December 13th, 2011 Duration: 3 Days Peak Rate: 75/hr 07:28.0 +32* 00' Comet: 3200
Ursids: Peak on November 21st, 2011 Duration: 2 Days Peak Rate: 15/hr 14:28.0 +78* 00' Comet: Tuttle?
Quadrantids: Peak on January 2nd, 2012 Duration: 1 Day Peak Rate: 85/hr 15:28.0 +50* 00' Comet: Unknown
Lyrids: Peak on April 21st, 2012 Duration: 2 Days Peak Rate: 10/hr 18:00.0 +32* 00' Comet: Thatcher
Eta Aquarids: Peak on May 4th, 2012 Duration: 3 Days Peak Rate: 35/hr 22:20.0 -01* 00' Comet: Halley
Delta Aquaids: Peak on May 27th, 2012 Duration: 7 Days Peak Rate: 20/hr 22:36.0 -17* 00' Comet: Unknown
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Sunstar
Rookie
De inimico non loquaris sed cogites = Don't wish ill for your enemy; Plan it![A1i:5]
Posts: 15
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Post by Sunstar on Aug 10, 2011 20:22:40 GMT -5
Here is another update to this posting: it is about what can be found in our own Solar System:
The following is a list of Solar System objects by orbit, ordered by increasing distance from the Sun. Most named objects in this list have a diameter of 500 km or more.
The Sun, a spectral class G2V star The inner Solar System and the terrestrial planets Mercury Mercury-crosser asteroids Venus Venus-crosser asteroids 2002 VE68, Venus' quasi-satellite Earth Moon (Luna) Possible Kordylewski Cloud Near-Earth asteroids Earth-crosser asteroids Earth's quasi-satellites Mars Deimos Phobos Mars trojans Mars-crosser asteroids Asteroid belt and surrounds Ceres, a dwarf planet in the asteroid belt Asteroids in the Main Asteroid Belt, between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter Pallas Juno Vesta Asteroids number in the hundreds of thousands. For longer lists, see list of noteworthy asteroids, list of asteroids, or list of objects by mass. A number of smaller groups distinct from the Main Belt. Asteroid moons The outer Solar System with the giant planets, their satellites, trojan asteroids and some minor planets Jupiter Rings of Jupiter Complete list of Jupiter's natural satellites Io Europa Ganymede Callisto Jupiter's trojan asteroids Saturn Rings of Saturn Complete list of Saturn's natural satellites Mimas Enceladus Tethys Dione Rhea Rings of Rhea Titan Hyperion Iapetus Saturn's Trojan moons Uranus Rings of Uranus Complete list of Uranus' natural satellites Miranda Ariel Umbriel Titania Oberon Neptune Rings of Neptune Complete list of Neptune's natural satellites Proteus Triton Nereid Neptune trojans Non-trojan minor planets Centaurs Damocloids Trans-Neptunian objects beyond the orbit of Neptune Kuiper belt objects (KBOs) Plutinos Pluto, a dwarf planet Charon Nix Hydra 90482 Orcus Twotino Cubewanos (classical objects) 50000 Quaoar 20000 Varuna Haumea, a dwarf planet Namaka Hi'iaka Makemake, a dwarf planet Scattered disc objects Eris, a dwarf planet Dysnomia (84522) 2002 TC302 90377 Sedna (possibly inner Oort Cloud) 2000 OO67 comet? Detached object Oort Cloud (hypothetical) Hills cloud / Inner Oort cloud Outer Oort cloud
The Solar System also contains:
Comets (icy bodies with eccentric orbits).
List of periodic comets: Periodic comets are comets having orbital periods of less than 200 years (also known as "short-period comets") or which have been observed during more than a single perihelion passage (e.g. 153P/Ikeya-Zhang). ("Periodic comet" is also sometimes used to mean any comet with a periodic orbit, even if greater than 200 years.)
Periodic comets receive a permanent number prefix usually after the second perihelion passage, which is why there are a number of unnumbered periodic comets, such as P/2005 T5 (Broughton).
In nearly all cases, comets are named after their discoverer(s), but in a few cases such as 2P/Encke and 27P/Crommelin they were named for a person who calculated their orbits (the orbit computers). The long-term orbits of comets are difficult to calculate because of errors in the known trajectory that accumulate with perturbations from the planets, and in the days before electronic computers some people dedicated their entire careers to this. Even so, quite a few comets were lost because their orbits are also affected by non-gravitational effects such as the release of gas and other material that forms the comet's coma and tail. Unlike a long-period comet, the next perihelion passage of a numbered periodic comet can be predicted with a high degree of accuracy.
Periodic comets sometimes bear the same name repeatedly (e.g. the nine Shoemaker-Levy comets or the twenty-four NEAT comets); the IAU system distinguishes between them either through the number prefix or by the full designation (e. g. 181P and 192P are both "Comet Shoemaker-Levy"). In the literature, an informal numbering system is applied to periodic comets (skipping the non-periodic ones), thus 181P and 192P are known as Comet Shoemaker-Levy 6 and Comet Shoemaker-Levy 1, respectively. Non-periodic Shoemaker-Levy comets are interleaved in this sequence: C/1991 B1 between 2 and 3, C/1991 T2 between 5 and 6, C/1993 K1 and C/1994 E2 after Shoemaker-Levy 9.
In comet nomenclature, the letter before the "/" is either "C" (a non-periodic comet), "P" (a periodic comet), "D" (a comet which has been lost or has disintegrated), "X" (a comet for which no reliable orbit could be calculated —usually historical comets), or "A" for an object that was mistakenly identified as a comet, but is actually a minor planet.
Some lists retain the "C" prefix for comets of periods larger than about 30 years until their return is confirmed.
List of non-periodic comets: Non-periodic comets (or long-period comets) are comets that do not have confirmed observations at more than one perihelion passage, and thus generally have orbital periods of 200 years or more. They include single-apparition comets that pass through the Inner Solar System only once. They are on unstable near-parabolic orbits that will not return to the vicinity of the Sun for hundreds, thousands, or even millions of years – if ever. (Some use the term non-periodic comet to refer exclusively to comets that will never return to the vicinity of the Sun.) Comets not expected to return to the inner solar system include C/1980 E1, C/2000 U5, C/2001 Q4 (NEAT), C/2009 R1, C/1956 R1, and C/2007 F1 (LONEOS).
The official names of non-periodic comets begin with a "C"; comets that have been lost or disappeared have names that begin with a "D".
Small objects, including: Meteoroids Dust, including interstellar dust. Helium Focusing Cone, around the Sun. Manmade objects orbiting the Sun, Venus, Earth, Mars, and Saturn including active artificial satellites and space junk Heliosphere, a bubble in space produced by the solar wind. Heliosheath Heliopause Hydrogen wall, a pile up of hydrogen from the interstellar medium.
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Sunstar
Rookie
De inimico non loquaris sed cogites = Don't wish ill for your enemy; Plan it![A1i:5]
Posts: 15
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Post by Sunstar on Aug 10, 2011 20:38:05 GMT -5
I have found some more notes from when I was in School concerning galaxies, so therefore I will include this information here for others.What follows is a list of all known galaxies within 3.6 megaparsecs (11.7 million light-years) of Earth, in order of proximity to Earth. 3.6 Mpc was chosen as a cut off point as this is the distance approximately to the centres of the next two large galaxy groups - the M81 Group and the Centaurus A/M83 Group. This vast spherical region of space centred on the Earth is mostly empty but encompasses all 50 or so Local Group galaxies and the closer members of several nearby galaxy groups as well as a few isolated galaxies that do not appear to be part of any defined group. 'Caveat lector...' The list is incomplete. Nearby dwarf galaxies are still being discovered. Even large galaxies located behind the central plane of the Milky Way are extremely difficult to discern. It is possible for any galaxy to mask another located beyond it. The list uses recently published distances, but they should not be taken as final. Intergalactic distance measurements, like most measurements, entail error bars. Figures listed are composites of many measurements, some of which may have had their individual error bars tightened to the point of no longer overlapping with each other. The distances given are measured from Earth. A satellite galaxy of the Milky Way on our side of our galaxy may well be listed as closer than one on the far side which is actually orbiting closer in to the Galactic core. A galaxy is an immense object. The distances from the closest edge – an ill-defined spot in itself – to the galactic core spans thousands, possibly up to a quarter million, lightyears. The distance estimates, therefore, are merely to some spot within the galaxies. To get a sense of perspective, all the 'nearby' items on this list are thousands or millions of light years away. In comparison, the Moon is about one light second away and the Sun about 8 light minutes away. - Milky Way: SBbc; Local Group; Home Galaxy
- Canis Major Dwarf: Irr; 0.025 Mly; 0.008 Mpc; Local Group; Satellite of Milky Way
- Sagittarius Dwarf Sphere (SagDEG): dSph/E7; 0.081 Mly; 0.024 Mpc; Local Group; Satellite of Milky Way (partial accretion by Milky Way)
- Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC): Irr/SB(s)m; 0.163 Mly; 0.050 Mpc; Local Group; Satellite of Milky Way
- Bootes Dwarf: d Sph; 0.197 Mly; 0.060 Mpc; Local Group; Satellite of Milky Way
- Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC NGC 292): SB(s)m pec; 0.206 Mly; 0.063 Mpc; Local Group; Satellite of Milky Way
- Ursa Minor Dwarf: dE4; 0.206 Mly; 0.063 Mpc; Local Group; Satellite of Milky Way
- Draco Dwarf (DDO 208): dE0 pec; 0.258 Mly; 0.079 Mpc; Local Group; Satellite of Milky Way with large amount of Dark Matter
- NGC 2419: Glob Clus; 0.275 Mly; 0.84 Mpc; Brightest remote MW globular cluster
- Sextans Dwarf Sph: dSph; 0.281 Mly; 0.086 Mpc; Local Group; Satellite of Milky Way
- Sculptor Dwarf (E351-G30): dE3; 0.287 Mly; 0.088 Mpc; Local Group; Satellite of Milky Way
- Ursa Major I Dwarf (UMa I dSph): dSph; 0.330 Mly; 0.10 Mpc; Local Group; Satellite of Milky Way
- Carina Dwarf (E206-G220): dE3; 0.330 Mly; 0.10 Mpc; Local Group; Satellite of Milky Way
- Formax Dwarf (E356-G04): dSPh/E2; 0.46 Mly; 0.14 Mpc; Local Group; Satellite of Milky Way
- Leo II Dwarf (Leo B, DDO 93): dE0 pec; 0.701 Mly; 0.215 Mpc; Local Group; Satellite of Milky Way
- Leo I Dwarf (DDO 74): dE3; 0.820 Mly; 0.25 Mpc; Local Group; Satellite of Milky Way
- Leo T Dwarf: G; 1.370 Mly; 0.42 Mpc; Local Group; Satellite of Milky Way?
- Phoenix Dwarf Galaxy (P6830): IAm; 1.44 Mly; 0.44 Mpc; Local Group; Satellite of Milky Way
- Bernard's Galaxy (NGC 6822): IB(s)m IV-V; 1.630 Mly; 0.50 Mpc; Local Group; Satellite of Milky Way
- MGC1: Glob Clus; 2 Mly; 0.615 Mpc; Local Group; Isolated cluster at ~200 kpc from M31
- NGC 185: dE3 pec; 2.010 Mly; 0.62 Mpc; Local group; Satellite of Andromeda
- Andromeda II: dE0; 2.130 Mly; 0.65 Mpc; Local Group; Satellite of Andromeda
- IC 10 (UGC 192): dlrr IV/BCD; 2.2 Mly; 0.67 Mpc; Local Group; Satellite of Andromeda
- NGC 147 (DDO 3): dE5 pec; 2.200 Mly; 0.68 Mpc; Local Group; Satellite of Andromeda
- Leo A (Leo III, DDO 69): IBm V; 2.250 Mly; 0.80 Mpc; Local Group; Satellite of Milky Way
- IC 1613 (UGC 668): IAB(s)m V; 2.350 Mly; 0.72 Mpc; Local Group; Satellite of Andromeda
- Andromeda I: dE3 pec; 2.430 Mly; 0.75 Mpc; Local Group; Satellite of Andromeda
- Andromeda III: dE2; 2.440 Mly; 0.75 Mpc; Local Group; Satellite of Andromeda
- Cetus Dwarf: dSph/E4; 2.460 Mly; 0.75 Mpc; Local Group; Satellite of Andromeda
- M32 (NGC 221): E2; 2.480 Mly; 0.76 Mpc; Local Group; Close Satellite of Andromeda
- Cassiopeia Dwarf (Cas dSph, Andromeda VII): dSph; 2.490 Mly; 0.76 Mpc; Local Group; Satellite of Andromeda
- Andromeda IX: dE; 2.500 Mly; 0.77 Mpc; Local Group; Satellite of Andromeda
- LGS 3: dlrr/dSph; 2.510 Mly; 0.77 Mpc; Local Group; Satellite of M33
- Andromeda V: dSph; 2.52 Mly; 0.77 Mpc; Local Group; Satellite of Andromeda
- Pegasus Dwarf and Sph (And VI): dSph; 2.55 Mly; 0.78 Mpc; Local Group; Satellite of Andromeda
- Andromeda VIII: dSph; 2.56?? Mly; ? Mpc; Local Group; Tidally distorted dwarf close to Andromeda discovered in 2003
- Andromeda Galaxy (M31): SA(s)b; 2.56 Mly; 0.79 Mpc; Local Group; Largest Galaxy in the Local Group, with at least 19 satellite galaxies
- Triangulum Galaxy (M33): SAc; 2.64 Mly; 0.81 Mpc; Local Group; Most distant (difficult) naked eye object
- M110 (NGC 205): E6p; 2.69 Mly; 0.83 Mpc; Local Group; Close Satellite of Andromeda
- Andromeda XXI: 2.8 Mly; 0.86 Mpc; Local Group; Satellite of Andromeda
- Tucana Dwarf: dE5; 2.87 Mly; 0.88 Mpc; Local Group; Isolated group member - a 'primordial' galaxy
- Andromeda X: dSph; 2.90?? Mly; Local Group; Satellite of Andromeda discovered in 2006
- Pegasus Dwarf Irregular (DDO 216): dlrr/DSph; 3.00 Mly; 0.92 Mpc; Local Group; Satellite of Andromeda
- Andromeda XIX: 3.04 Mly; 0.933 Moc; Local Group; Satellite of Andromeda spread over 1.7 kpc
- wolf-Lundmark-Melotte (WLM, DDO 221): lb(s)m; 3.16 Mly; 0.97 Mpc; Local Group; Isolated member at the edge of the local group
- Sagittarius Dwarf Irrgular Galaxy (SagDIG): IB(s)m V; 3.39 Mly; 1.04 Mpc; Local Group; Isolated Group Member
- Aquarius Dwarf Galaxy (DDO 210): Im V; 3.49 Mly; 1.07/0.94 Mpc; Local Group; Isolated Group Member
- UGC 4879 (VV124): 3.59 Mly; 1.1 Mpc; Local Group
- Antlia Dwarf: dE3.5; 4.08 Mly; 1.25 Mpc; Local Group; May have interacted with NGC 3109
- NGC 3109: SB(s)m; 4.24 Mly; 1.30 Mpc; Local Group
- Sextans A (UGCA 205, DDO 75): IBm; 4.31 Mly; 1.32 Mpc; Local Group; Isolated Group Member
- Andromeda XVIII: 4.42 Mly; 1.355 Mpc; Local Group
- Sextans B (UGC 5373): IM IV-V; 4.7 Mly; 1.44 Mpc; Local Group
- IC 5152: IA(s)m; 6.42 Mly; 1.97 Mpc; NGC 55 & 300 ?; Remotely on the side of NGC 55
- GR 8 (DDO 155): ImV; 6.95 Mly; 2.13 Mpc; Inner edge of M94 Group; "footprint galaxy"
- NGC 300: SA(s)d; 7.01 Mly; 2.15 Mpc; Inner edge of Sculptor Group; forms pair with NGC 55
- NGC 55: SB(s)m:sp : 7.08 Mly; 2.17 Mpc; Inner edge of Scuptor Group; forms a pair with NGC 300
- Circinus (ESO 097-13): SA(s)b; 9.13 Mly; 2.8-4 Mpc; Centaurus A Group; Active galaxy obscured by Milky Way
- Dwingeloo 1: SB(s)cd; 9.13 Mly; 2.8 Mpc; IC 342/Maffei Group
- Maffei 2: SAB(rs)bc; 9.13 Mly; 2.8 Mpc; IC 342/Maffei Group
- NGC 4214 (UGC 07278): IAB(s)m; 9.58 Mly; 2.94 Mpc; M94 Group; Starburst Galaxy
- UGCA 86: SAB(s)m; 9.65 Mly; 2.96 Mpc; IC 342/Maffei Group
- Dwingeloo 2: Im?; 9.78 Mly; 3.0 Mpc; IC 342/Maffei Group
- Maffei 1: S0- pec; 9.78 Mly; 3.0 Mpc; IC 342/Maffei Group
- NGC 2366: IB(s)m; 10.40 Mly; 3.19 Mpc; M81 Group
- NGC 404: SA(s)0-: :9/98 Mly; 3.24 Mpc; 'Mirach's Ghost'
- IC 342: SAB(rs)cd; 10.70 Mly; 3.28 Mpc; IC 342/Maffei Group; "the hidden galaxy"
- NGC 2403: SAB(s)cd HII; 10.76 Mly; 3.30 Mpc; M81 Group
- NGC 1569 (UGC 03056): IBm;Sbrst ; 10.96 Mly; 3.36 Mpc; IC 342/Maffei Group
- NGC 5102: SA0- HII; 11.09 Mly; 3.40 Mpc; Centaurus A Group
- M82: I0;Sbrst HII ; 11.51 Mly; 3.53 Mpc; M81 Group
- NGC 2976: SAc pec HII; 11.61 Mly; 3.56 Mpc; M81 Group
- NGC 4945: SB(s)cd:sp; 11.70 Mly; 3.59 Mpc; Centaurus A Group
I have decided to included the translation of the short hand of the following:
Mly = Mega-light years Mpc = Mega-Parsecs SB(s)cd:sp or SAc pec HII or dE4 or Sbrst = Type of Star/Galaxy
Hope this was helpful to all who look towards the night skies and ponder: "Are we really alone in the Universe?"
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